Industrial Pollution

Chapter 1 I.1 Introduction Bangladesh is an upcoming middle earning coun drive. It has a large number of population. The working environment is proficient and the task cost is less so in that location is an opportunity to commit application in this country. There be numerous sector of constancy in Bangladesh. The the great unwashed of our country atomic number 18 very hard working.By the unproblematic 1990s, about 1.5 million mess, mostly women, were employed in the garments sector as During 2001-2002, export earnings from ready-made garments reached $3,125 million, representing 52 well as strap products special(a)ly Footwear (Shoe manufacturing unit). % of Bangladeshs total exports. Bangladesh has overtaken India in app atomic number 18l exports in 2009, its exports stood at 2.66 billion US dollar, ahead of Indias 2.27 billion US dollar. Other industries which fetch shown very strong receiveth include the chemic manufacture, steel diligence, minelaying labor an d the paper and pulp patience.Now a days Bangladesh is indigence to achieve middle conformation country position. So the country is divergence to be an industrial country. And the sedulousness who is responsible for the taint. most of the industries atomic number 18 non follow the rules of the law.I.2 Origin of the written report To know the current situation of the industrial defilement. To know what argon the reason behind this. Why the constancy by means of with(predicate) their harry in to the open field? To understand the problem of the contamination.I.3 documentary of the report To know the current situation of contamination problem. To understand the view of the deal. To solve the problem. To work with the problem.1.4 Methodology Primary data field survey, Questionn ambiencee. second-string data Web site, advanceds paper.1.5 Scope of this report In this report we want to show the over view of the total pollution of the persistence in Bangladesh. There ar e many industries in Bangladesh. But we impart cover almost of the industries in Bangladesh such as Textile industry, chemic industry, Pharmaceutical industry, Builders industry, Tannery industry,Food industry, Steel industry, ecstasy industry, Electronics industry, Fabrics persistence, Plastic industriousness, Paper & jut diligence, Refinnering ( Oil, Gas) manufacturing, Beverages industry, recycle labor, Others.1.6 Limitation of the report Limitation means or sothing that limits a quality or achievement of any analysis. All search designs stooge be discussed in terms of their relative strengths and limitations. The merits of a particular design are inherently related to the rationale for selecting it as the most appropriate plan for addressing the research problem. One strength of an Selecting and starting to prepare this report it is non an easy fulfil to complete this. To complete this report we face many problems. Those are as followsi. Information Collection1) restrain source of nurture 2) confine information about the industry pollution in web sites on Bangladesh perspective. 3) Peoples are not aware about the problems by industrial pollution. 4) Business persons try to skip the questions answers.ii. Over whole limitation of this report1) Limited time to prepare this report. 2) Limited information source. 3) Limited ways to analysis the quality control with founded information. 4) Limited direction from course instructor to prepare this report.Chapter 22.1 Bangladeshi Industries A compendious list of Bangladeshi Industry Name of industry Name of industry Name of industry Textile Industry Tannery Industry Paper & Jute Industry Chemical Industry Food Industry Refinnering Industry Pharmaceutical Industry Steel Industry Beverage Industry Cigarette Industry Shipping Industry Recycling Industry Builders Industry Electronics Industry fertilizer Industry Febrics Industry Plastic Industry Other Industry2.2 befoulment in Bangladesh peeing s ystem pollutionThe weewee pollution situation from Bangladesh could be the largest poisoning in history and the irony is that this situation could be the result of all the efforts in cleaning the body of peeing for some of the poorest nations of the world. A British study, shows that about 80 million people from Bangladesh, South Asia, are exposed to a gritty level of toxicity from the water contaminated with arsenic. An international team of researchers from Chicago, New York and Bangladesh has been monitor, in the last decade, the water intake of arsenic contaminated rise and the impact of 12,000people.The conclusions showed that the demolition of five people was directly linked to the designate levels of arsenic in the bo grumbles of the victims of the Bangladesh water. The result is not just a novelty, it is a problem known for some years now and, over time, and residents were cognizant to dig deeper wells to avoid the potentially contaminated surface water consumption. Now, crimson the deep waters appear to be problematic.The Bangladeshi people bear out most in pure drinking water by arsenic. But the people of Bangladesh excessively stick by the industry pollution. The river water is not pencil eraser for the people. The industry is not aim wasteland forethought system. So in future if the industry is not following the rules the waste management, the water result not look like water. ventilate PollutionAir pollution contamination of the atmosphere ca utilise by the discharge, accidental or deliberates of a wide range of toxic substances. Often the core of the released substance is comparatively high in a certain locality, so the baneful personal takingss are more(prenominal) noticeable. The major sources of tonal pattern pollution are dit engines, power and heat generation, industrial processes and the burning of solid waste. A clean source of atm pollution is an increasing hole in the ozone layer in the atmosphere above Antarctic a, coupled with growing evidence of global ozone depletion.Air pollution has also long been known to have an adverse egress on man beings, plants, livestock and aquatic ecosystem through acid rain. Recently as in other separate of the world air pollution has receive priority among environmental issues in Asia. This problem is acute in dhaka, the enceinte of Bangladesh and also the hub of commercial activity. The other urban areas like Chittagong, Khulna and BOGRA have very much lesser wellness problem related to air pollution. In urban areas sometimes the ho enjoyments are built on rocks and faults, which radiate radioactive muck up from their basement.If this gas is inhaled for a long time it may pillow slip lung cancer. In the rural areas of Bangladesh, the air pollution problems have not yet contract a point of concern. This is overdue to fewer motorized vehicles and industries there. Thus, it is likely that in those areas the principal air contaminants are particulate matter and volatile perfect compounds (VOCs). Basically, there are two major sources of air pollution in Bangladesh industrial emissions and vehicular emissions.The industrial sources include brick kilns, fertiliser factories, sugar, paper, jute and textile mills, revolve mills, tanneries, garment, bread and biscuit factories, chemic and pharmaceutical industries, cement production and bear on factories, metal workshops, and wooden dust from saw mills and dusts from ploughed grime, and salt particles from ocean waves surface the offshore islands and coastal lands. Noise Pollution celluloid preventive harmful to health or welfare. Transportation vehicles are the shoot offenders, with aircraft, railroad stock, trucks, buses, automobiles, and motorcycles all producing excessive go.Noise intensity is measured in dubnium (dB) units. Subject to 45 dB of randomness, the average person cannot sleep. At long hundred dB the ear registers pain hearing trauma begins at a much low er level, about 85 dB. In Bangladesh noise pollution (also termed as grievous pollution) is a major health hazard. In fact, due to noise pollution millions of people in Bangladesh are exposed to a number of health risks from deafness to heart attack. On city streets noise pollution can be ca employ by hydraulic horns of vehicles, microphones and cassette players.The hydraulic horns utilize by buses, trucks and scooters in the crowded city streets are dangerous for human being. This is also how noise pollution in Dhaka City is modify the hearing power of thousands of children every day. The horns especially provoke serious damage to children. Experts say, if a child below three years of age hears a horn emitting deoxycytidine monophosphate dB of noise from a pixilated range, he or she might lose his or her hearing power. A childs health may also be adversely affected by tatty sounds from the radio, television, cassette players and microphones, the sound of mills and factories and loud noise.The unit of sound frequency is hertz. homosexual beings usually hear 15 to 20 kilohertz (KHz) frequency sound. gibe to the World Health Organisation (WHO), commandly 60 dB sound can contribute a man deaf temporarily and ascorbic acid dB sound can cause complete deafness. But the noise of any busy street in Dhaka has been estimated at 60 to 80 dB, with the sound of vehicles being 95 dB, loud speakers 90 to vitamin C dB, mills and factories 80 to 90 dB, restaurants and cinema halls 75 to 90 dB, festivals 85 to 90 dB, scooter or motorbike 87 to 92 dB and trucks and buses 92 to 94 dB.But the desired sound measure is 25 dB in the bedroom, 40 dB in the dining or lottery room, 35-40 dB in the office, 30-40 dB in the class room, 35-40 dB in the library, 20-35 dB in hospital, 40-60 dB in a restaurant and 45 dB in the city at night. When the sound exceeds this limit, there is noise pollution. Noise pollution beyond the limit destroys hearing and might even lead to the l osing of ones mental balance. Noise pollution also causes peevish temperament, affects lungs, hampers the brain of the children and disembowels them apathetic towards their studies. 2. 3 Industries wise pollution2. 3. 1 Textile Industry pollution The textile industry in Bangladesh through their waste in to free area. They through their waste in to river and pond. So the water of the river is bemire. The river contains many kind of fish and other kind of animals. If the animals are go to the polluted water they will die or they have the chemical re-action in their body. And then the people eat that fish or the animals that are also suffer with chemical re-action. The textile industry also relies carbon die oxide gas which is cause for green house effect, and the global warming.It also cause for many human health problem. Some people also suffer clamber problem. Textile industry come upons very noise. Many people cant suffer the noise so some time they intelligence less. Because the textile industry makes very much noise so we should make textile industry in nonresidential area. 2. 3. 2 Chemical industry pollution We all know about the chemical re-action of the chemical. Many people die every year because of the poison of the drinking water. The chemical industry is also destroying our crops land, river and kills other animals. Many Bangladeshi industries wear downt use waste management.They through their chemical in to the river or open area. The chemical industry polluted our water and air. Causes of chemical pollution the people suffer skin problem and other harmful Degases. 2. 3. 3 Pharmaceutical Industry pollution The pharmaceutical industry use different events of chemical and elastic pack to keep the medicine safe. But later on using the medicine there are no recycle of the plastic pack, so it make pollution. In other hand some of the federation dont follow the waste management program. They through their waste in to the sea and river.So the w ater is polluted by the pharmaceutical industry. 2. 3. 4 Cigarette Industry the tush industry is polluted the environment very much. They heighten cigarette and biri which is polluted our environment air. The people also suffer the bad effect of the smoking. The tobacco plants destroy the fertility of the land so the crop land became dry. If there are any land who grows tobacco they cant grow any other crop. The processing of cigarette is also harmful for the environment. It pollutes air. 2. 3. 5 Builders Industry The Bangladeshi builders industry doesnt follow the grammatical construction core.They make building of their own wish, so it is very difficult to the state the pollution. Because they sometime build building on the pond or near the river so in rainy season the water cant pass to the river and it polluted our roads and houses. 2. 3. 6 Tannery Industry The tannery industry use deadly chemical to prepare lather. Most of the tannery industry situated in highly populated a rea so when they through their waste in the water the water will be polluted. The bad effect of the pollution effect the human health it may cause the cancer of skin.Many labor suffer cancer because of the chemical re-action by the chemical. 2. 3. 7 Food industry One of the largest industries in Bangladesh is food industry because of the huge rate of the population. The industry is very big. Every day the industry produce many type of the food to fulfill the needs of the food. They use chemical fertilizer to grow mare food because of large needs. The food industry pollute our soil and water. They use high rate of chemical fertilizer so the water of river has been polluted and the water insect and the insect that help the crops die because of chemical fertilizer.Some food industry through there waste of food in to open area and water so the water is polluting. 2. 3. 8 Fertilizer Industry There are many fertilizer industries in Bangladesh. They produce fertilizer for our farmer to gro w more crops. But the process of the fertilizer is not environmental free. To produce fertilizer they need methane gas. So the air pollution is happening. They need water to cool their machine. So the water is polluting. To make chemical fertilizer they need 2. 4 An overview of tannery industrys pollution 2. 4. 1 Present situation of tannery industries pollutionNow days the tannery industry is playing the most important part for our economy. The products of our tannery are maintaining world class quality. So the spoilers of the tannery product are more. There is a good will of Bangladesh tannery industry in the world. The tanneries are a major money-maker for Bangladesh. From June 2011 to July 2012, Bangladeshs tanneries exported close to $663 million in leather and leather goodslike shoes and handbagsto some 70 countries worldwide, including Italy, Germany, Spain, China, and the United States. Tannery worker have been suffering from severe skin diseases, allergy and chest pain.Mos t of the cases, medicines do not work on them anymore. They process animal hides with toxic chemicals. Before drubbing they work with chemical-mixed water, liming and de-liming, scrapping off union and fat. They do it with bare hands chromium, sulfur, manganese, horseshit compound, lead and others are employ to tan which are very toxic for their health. Chemical mixtures, acids and dyes used in the tanneries are very toxic for human health. From different sources about 20,000 tannery workers are forced to work for tanning in this hazardous situation though they are paid a little.About 90 percent tanneries of the country rigid at Hazaribagh of the Dhaka city. Covered by high walls which have not proper ventilation system, the air inside the factories is with fumes, heat. Very bad twine is available inside the factories. Few large factories are providing some facilities trance smaller s are in very bad and poisonous situation. Very bad lookings are also got from nearby the Ha zaribagh like Rayerbazar, Jhigatola and parts of Dhanmondi. Nobody wants to go to Hazaribagh due bad effect of tanneries. Even the tanneries owner doesnt live in those areas.Reused chemicals from the larger factories are being used by the small factories which are more dangerous and vulnerable for the workers as well as for the environment. About 40 heavy metals and acids are used for processing raw hides. Among them the most dangerous chemical substances are , manganese, chromium, sulfur, lead, and copper Wet blue leathers are made using these chemicals Most of the workers are directly use these chemicals each and every day because of being do the process manually. They dont like to use hand gloves or any other safety items.About 30 export-oriented factories use these safety equipments for their workers and others dont pay attention. It is very important to use masks, safety goggles, special suits, gloves and special shoes to save themselves from the hazardous effect of toxic che micals. Most of the time the workers work with bear feet when thy clean dirt, bloods and chemicals which causes various diseases. Jaundice, nausea and concern are another common sickness among them. These toxic chemicals cause boils, hullabaloo in hands and legs, skin diseases allergy, and other infection.If it continues around more than 15 years these can even cause cancer. During working these chemicals mellow out to the air which damages lungs and causes respiratory illness such as asthma and bronchitis through inhalation of the people of Hazaribagh area. This toxic substances damages eyes and the spotless establishment system . Finishing leather is processed after tanning. . These toxic chemicals cause boils, inflammation in hands and legs, skin diseases allergy, and other infection. If it continues around more than 15 years these can even cause cancer.During working these chemicals evaporate to the air which damages lungs and causes respiratory illness such as asthma and b ronchitis through inhalation of the people of Hazaribagh area. This toxic substances damages eyes and the entire nerve system . Finishing leather is processed after tanning. . For belike the first time, Bangladeshs government has leveled pollution-related fines against two leather tanneries in Hazaribagh, a Dhaka neighborhood so polluted with waste from its roughly one hundred fifty tanneries that residents and workers are plagued by serious health problems.This announcement came four months after kind Rights Watch released a report revealing the extent of workers and residents break down health, ranging from painful skin diseases to respiratory illnesses. Shortly before our report launch, a senior official in Bangladeshs Environment Department told charitable Rights Watch, There is no monitoring and no enforcement in Hazaribagh. The two tanneries were fined for not having effluent treatment plants, which would treat their chemical-laced wastewater.Each day, the areas tannerie s discharge some 21,000 cubic meters of untreated waste containing chromium, lead, and other chemicals and heavy metals into the nearby Buriganga River. The air reeks of chemicals, which have harmed the areas water and soil and the health of people living nearby. Hazaribagh is home to between 90 and 95 percent of all Bangladeshs tanneries, and they employ between 8,000 and 12,000 people. Living beside the tanneries is difficult, all the dirty water comes here, the fumes are very bad, said Goyenda, who is in her late teens and has lived in Hazaribagh for just over a year. I have problems with my eyes.They water a lot and become red. The tannery gas causes this. As follow-up to the Toxic Tanneries report, Human Rights Watch has pressed the international leather industry to identify and extenuate the human recompenses risks from the tanneries in Hazaribagh. Two weeks ago, Human Rights Watch called on buyers at a flagship international leather fair in Bologna to buy leather goods onl y from Bangladesh tanneries that respect environmental standards and comply with laws that protect the right to health and labor rights. 3. 1 Reason behind the pollution 3. 1. 1 Corruption Bangladesh is a corrupted country everything is possible in Bangladesh.The tannery industry is polluting the environment much. The pollution of tannery is harmful for all the human and animal. But it is a matter of sorrow that the government environment sector is silent. Because they deal with the company owner. And the government employee pays by the owner. So the environment pollution cant be stopped. 3. 1. 2 Dont obey the industrys rules Most of the tannery doesnt show respect to the constitution rules. In Bangladesh there are no lacks of rules but in matter of worry that the industry doesnt want to follow the rules, because of the over covetous of the of the industry owner.3. 1. 3 Lack of nations lover the greedy owner and the greedy government people Politician are not love their nation. So just thought to maximize their wealth. 3. 1. 4 Lack of monitoring The monitoring unit are not strong to control the pollution. 3. 2 effect of the pollution Waste contains pollutants which are discarded materials, process materials or chemicals. Pollution could be caused by all sectors of a society generate waste industry, agriculture, mining, energy, and these pollutants when they are released beyond the assimilation capacity of the environment.Industrial wastes are generated from different processes and the amount and toxicity of waste released varies with its own specific industrial processes. Tannery effluents are graded as the highest pollutants among all industrial wastes. They are especially large contributors of chromium pollution . Chromium is highly toxic and carcinogenic to human beings, animals, plants and the general environment (soil and water sediment). Chrome is the primary threat when ever tanning industry comes in to practice.Though many treatment options were eval uated to prevent its consequence on the environment, neither of them could achieve to treat or recover chrome 100 %. Treatment options are either inefficient, complicated, energy demanding, costly or relevant to a certain parts of the world due to technology or skilled man power demand. The river near by the tanneries can be said highly polluted rivers since they are serving as recipient of effluent from the factories. The effect of this scenario is expressed by different indicators. The Akaki -Kaliti and the tributaries of Awash River are best examples of polluted water body.The residents around the river and /or the tannery reported the death of their cattle, dried up of green plants, water born diseases and bad smell resulted due to the death of micro organisms that in turn caused by depletion of dissolve oxygen. Even though the incidences are merely the result of discharges from tanneries but it is unfeasible to deny the fact that the discharge from tanneries has its own cont ribution. (Dagnew and Daniel,2011) Global worming Destroy our safe water resource Destroy your crop land Destroying your human health Cause of chemical re-action